More than 5 million youth in the United States, representing approximately 13%, have sought mental health support through generative artificial intelligence (AI) tools, according to a review in JAMA Psychiatry. The research, led by Dr. Shaddy K. Saba and Dr. William B. Weeks from New York University, highlights a significant trend among young adults, with usage peaking at 22% among those aged 18 to 21.
Clinicians are increasingly asking patients about their use of these AI resources during assessments. The study outlines three critical implications for mental health practice. Firstly, AI interactions may reveal issues patients feel uncomfortable discussing, including stigmatized thoughts. Secondly, the responses generated by AI may shape how individuals perceive their mental health, sometimes leading to misinformation or overly validating feedback. Lastly, clinicians may struggle to integrate AI-related experiences into care if they are unaware of patients' use of these tools.
The review also raises concerns regarding potential risks associated with AI applications in mental health, such as inadequate responses to suicidal ideation and biases affecting marginalized groups. Privacy issues are a significant concern, as information shared with consumer AI tools lacks the protections typically found in clinical settings. To address these challenges, the authors advocate for a structured, patient-centered approach to incorporating AI into mental health care.